我安装了iptables并根据需要进行了configuration。 问题是apt-get不能工作了。 这里是我的iptables（ iptables -L -n ）：
Chain INPUT (policy DROP) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 multiport dports 80,443 ACCEPT tcp -- 192.168.178.0/24 0.0.0.0/0 multiport dports 20,21,22 ACCEPT tcp -- 192.168.178.0/24 0.0.0.0/0 multiport dports 53,137,138,139,445 DROP all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain FORWARD (policy DROP) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy DROP) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 multiport dports 53,80,443 state NEW,ESTABLISHED ACCEPT udp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:53 state NEW,ESTABLISHED ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 192.168.178.0/24 multiport sports 20,21,22,53,137,138,139,445
和例如sudo apt-get install git卡在这里：
admin@nibbler:~$ sudo apt-get install git Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following additional packages will be installed: git-man liberror-perl Suggested packages: git-daemon-run | git-daemon-sysvinit git-doc git-el git-email git-gui gitk gitweb git-arch git-cvs git-mediawiki git-svn The following NEW packages will be installed: git git-man liberror-perl 0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 3.760 kB of archives. After this operation, 25,6 MB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y Ign:1 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main i386 liberror-perl all 0.17-1.2 0% [Connecting to de.archive.ubuntu.com]
我在这里读了几个线程，但没有find解决scheme。 有人可以帮我吗？ 我没有看到我的错误。
我改变了OUTPUT链
Chain OUTPUT (policy DROP) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 multiport dports 53,80,443 state NEW,ESTABLISHED ACCEPT udp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:53 state NEW,ESTABLISHED ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 192.168.178.0/24 multiport sports 20,21,22,53,137,138,139,445
我将logging添加到OUTPUT，INPUT和FORWARD链，它给了我这个：
Apr 11 10:40:01 nibbler kernel: [ 1052.948383] IN=lo OUT= MAC=00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:08:00 SRC=127.0.0.1 DST=127.0.1.1 LEN=70 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=64463 DF PROTO=UDP SPT=54652 DPT=53 LEN=50 Apr 11 10:40:01 nibbler kernel: [ 1052.948407] IN=lo OUT= MAC=00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:08:00 SRC=127.0.0.1 DST=127.0.1.1 LEN=70 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=64464 DF PROTO=UDP SPT=54652 DPT=53 LEN=50 Apr 11 10:40:06 nibbler kernel: [ 1057.953476] IN=lo OUT= MAC=00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:08:00 SRC=127.0.0.1 DST=127.0.1.1 LEN=70 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=106 DF PROTO=UDP SPT=54652 DPT=53 LEN=50 Apr 11 10:40:06 nibbler kernel: [ 1057.953499] IN=lo OUT= MAC=00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:08:00 SRC=127.0.0.1 DST=127.0.1.1 LEN=70 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=107 DF PROTO=UDP SPT=54652 DPT=53 LEN=50 Apr 11 10:40:08 nibbler kernel: [ 1060.196071] IN=enp2s0 OUT= MAC=ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ac:bc:32:b7:0b:8f:08:00 SRC=192.168.178.20 DST=255.255.255.255 LEN=261 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=9332 PROTO=UDP SPT=17500 DPT=17500 LEN=241 Apr 11 10:40:08 nibbler kernel: [ 1060.196655] IN=enp2s0 OUT= MAC=ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ac:bc:32:b7:0b:8f:08:00 SRC=192.168.178.20 DST=192.168.178.255 LEN=261 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=16345 PROTO=UDP SPT=17500 DPT=17500 LEN=241 Apr 11 10:40:08 nibbler kernel: [ 1060.239479] IN=enp2s0 OUT= MAC=01:00:5e:00:00:fb:ac:bc:32:c2:61:c1:08:00 SRC=192.168.178.22 DST=224.0.0.251 LEN=68 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=1 ID=14994 PROTO=UDP SPT=5353 DPT=5353 LEN=48 Apr 11 10:40:08 nibbler kernel: [ 1060.240904] IN=enp2s0 OUT= MAC=01:00:5e:00:00:fb:ac:bc:32:c2:61:c1:08:00 SRC=192.168.178.22 DST=224.0.0.251 LEN=68 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=1 ID=14995 PROTO=UDP SPT=5353 DPT=5353 LEN=48 Apr 11 10:40:09 nibbler kernel: [ 1061.243128] IN=enp2s0 OUT= MAC=01:00:5e:00:00:fb:ac:bc:32:c2:61:c1:08:00 SRC=192.168.178.22 DST=224.0.0.251 LEN=68 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=1 ID=14996 PROTO=UDP SPT=5353 DPT=5353 LEN=48 Apr 11 10:40:11 nibbler kernel: [ 1062.958890] IN=lo OUT= MAC=00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:08:00 SRC=127.0.0.1 DST=127.0.1.1 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=930 DF PROTO=UDP SPT=39987 DPT=53 LEN=40 Apr 11 10:40:11 nibbler kernel: [ 1062.958913] IN=lo OUT= MAC=00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:08:00 SRC=127.0.0.1 DST=127.0.1.1 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=931 DF PROTO=UDP SPT=39987 DPT=53 LEN=40 Apr 11 10:40:11 nibbler kernel: [ 1063.242960] IN=enp2s0 OUT= MAC=01:00:5e:00:00:fb:ac:bc:32:c2:61:c1:08:00 SRC=192.168.178.22 DST=224.0.0.251 LEN=68 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=1 ID=14997 PROTO=UDP SPT=5353 DPT=5353 LEN=48 Apr 11 10:40:12 nibbler kernel: [ 1063.947249] IN=enp2s0 OUT= MAC=ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ac:bc:32:b7:0b:8f:08:00 SRC=192.168.178.20 DST=192.168.178.255 LEN=72 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=57187 PROTO=UDP SPT=57621 DPT=57621 LEN=52 Apr 11 10:40:13 nibbler kernel: [ 1065.017788] IN=enp2s0 OUT= MAC=ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:10:40:f3:82:01:fe:08:00 SRC=192.168.178.26 DST=255.255.255.255 LEN=403 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=747 PROTO=UDP SPT=17500 DPT=17500 LEN=383 Apr 11 10:40:13 nibbler kernel: [ 1065.017886] IN=enp2s0 OUT= MAC=ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:10:40:f3:82:01:fe:08:00 SRC=192.168.178.26 DST=192.168.178.255 LEN=403 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=39400 PROTO=UDP SPT=17500 DPT=17500 LEN=383 Apr 11 10:40:15 nibbler kernel: [ 1067.431341] IN=lo OUT= MAC=00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:08:00 SRC=127.0.0.1 DST=127.0.1.1 LEN=78 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=1189 DF PROTO=UDP SPT=44968 DPT=53 LEN=58 Apr 11 10:40:16 nibbler kernel: [ 1067.963986] IN=lo OUT= MAC=00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:08:00 SRC=127.0.0.1 DST=127.0.1.1 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=1221 DF PROTO=UDP SPT=39987 DPT=53 LEN=40 Apr 11 10:40:16 nibbler kernel: [ 1067.964022] IN=lo OUT= MAC=00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:08:00 SRC=127.0.0.1 DST=127.0.1.1 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=1222 DF PROTO=UDP SPT=39987 DPT=53 LEN=40 Apr 11 10:40:17 nibbler kernel: [ 1068.610989] IN=enp2s0 OUT= MAC=ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ac:bc:32:c2:83:61:08:00 SRC=192.168.178.25 DST=255.255.255.255 LEN=215 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=49624 PROTO=UDP SPT=17500 DPT=17500 LEN=195 Apr 11 10:40:17 nibbler kernel: [ 1068.611063] IN=enp2s0 OUT= MAC=ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ac:bc:32:c2:83:61:08:00 SRC=192.168.178.25 DST=192.168.178.255 LEN=215 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=35073 PROTO=UDP SPT=17500 DPT=17500 LEN=195 Apr 11 10:40:20 nibbler kernel: [ 1072.436408] IN=lo OUT= MAC=00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:08:00 SRC=127.0.0.1 DST=127.0.1.1 LEN=78 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=1890 DF PROTO=UDP SPT=44968 DPT=53 LEN=58 Apr 11 10:40:21 nibbler kernel: [ 1072.969138] IN=lo OUT= MAC=00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:08:00 SRC=127.0.0.1 DST=127.0.1.1 LEN=70 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=1949 DF PROTO=UDP SPT=52381 DPT=53 LEN=50 Apr 11 10:40:21 nibbler kernel: [ 1072.969160] IN=lo OUT= MAC=00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:08:00 SRC=127.0.0.1 DST=127.0.1.1 LEN=70 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=1950 DF PROTO=UDP SPT=52381 DPT=53 LEN=50 Apr 11 10:40:26 nibbler kernel: [ 1077.441470] IN=lo OUT= MAC=00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:08:00 SRC=127.0.0.1 DST=127.0.1.1 LEN=78 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=2666 DF PROTO=UDP SPT=44968 DPT=53 LEN=58 Apr 11 10:40:26 nibbler kernel: [ 1077.974220] IN=lo OUT= MAC=00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:08:00 SRC=127.0.0.1 DST=127.0.1.1 LEN=70 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=2722 DF PROTO=UDP SPT=52381 DPT=53 LEN=50 Apr 11 10:40:26 nibbler kernel: [ 1077.974242] IN=lo OUT= MAC=00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:08:00 SRC=127.0.0.1 DST=127.0.1.1 LEN=70 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=2723 DF PROTO=UDP SPT=52381 DPT=53 LEN=50
不知道我应该读出这个..
您的日志表明您正在阻止DNSstream量。
Apr 11 10:40:21 nibbler kernel: [ 1072.969160] IN=lo OUT= MAC=00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:08:00 SRC=127.0.0.1 DST=127.0.1.1 LEN=70 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=1950 DF PROTO=UDP SPT=52381 DPT=53 LEN=50 Apr 11 10:40:26 nibbler kernel: [ 1077.441470] IN=lo OUT= MAC=00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:08:00 SRC=127.0.0.1 DST=127.0.1.1 LEN=78 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=2666 DF PROTO=UDP SPT=44968 DPT=53 LEN=58 Apr 11 10:40:26 nibbler kernel: [ 1077.974220] IN=lo OUT= MAC=00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:08:00 SRC=127.0.0.1 DST=127.0.1.1 LEN=70 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=2722 DF PROTO=UDP SPT=52381 DPT=53 LEN=50 Apr 11 10:40:26 nibbler kernel: [ 1077.974242] IN=lo OUT= MAC=00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:08:00 SRC=127.0.0.1 DST=127.0.1.1 LEN=70 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=2723 DF PROTO=UDP SPT=52381 DPT=53 LEN=50
也许你有一个dnsmasq或未绑定的recursionparsing器，你正在指导你的DNS查询 ？
要么允许您的环回接口的stream量
iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT
或者在您的INPUT链中，允许SRC=127.0.0.1和DST=127.0.1.1之间的DNSstream量
apt-get需要dns和http – 都出现在你的OUTPUT链中。 我想你需要添加ESTABLISHED到连接状态types，因为现在你只有NEW 。
检查是否在内核中加载了ip_conntrack模块以启用ESTABLISHED匹配。
我会build议在iptables上使用RAW表。 这应该给你（对于任何匹配的数据包）这个数据包通过的每个规则的信息。