从客户端连接到服务器：
$ ssh -vvv [email protected] OpenSSH_6.2p2, OSSLShim 0.9.8r 8 Dec 2011 debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh_config debug1: /etc/ssh_config line 20: Applying options for * debug1: /etc/ssh_config line 102: Applying options for * debug2: ssh_connect: needpriv 0 debug1: Connecting to 10.0.50.170 [10.0.50.170] port 17622. debug1: Connection established. debug3: Incorrect RSA1 identifier debug3: Could not load "/Users/userlocal/.ssh/id_rsa" as a RSA1 public key debug1: identity file /Users/userlocal/.ssh/id_rsa type -1 debug1: identity file /Users/userlocal/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /Users/userlocal/.ssh/id_dsa type -1 debug1: identity file /Users/userlocal/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1 debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_6.2 debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_5.9p1 Debian-5ubuntu1.4 debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.9p1 Debian-5ubuntu1.4 pat OpenSSH_5* debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK debug3: put_host_port: [10.0.50.170]:17622 debug3: load_hostkeys: loading entries for host "[10.0.50.170]:17622" from file "/Users/userlocal/.ssh/known_hosts" debug3: load_hostkeys: found key type RSA in file /Users/userlocal/.ssh/known_hosts:13 debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys debug3: order_hostkeyalgs: prefer hostkeyalgs: [email protected],[email protected],ssh-rsa debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: [email protected],[email protected],ssh-rsa,[email protected],[email protected],ssh-dss debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,[email protected],[email protected],aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,[email protected],[email protected],aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected],zlib debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected],zlib debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-256-96,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha2-512-96,hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-256-96,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha2-512-96,hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0 debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5 debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5 debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(1024<1024<8192) sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP debug2: dh_gen_key: priv key bits set: 124/256 debug2: bits set: 523/1024 debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY debug1: Server host key: RSA bd:f6:21:3e:83:5f:d2:39:07:f7:9d:22:fe:16:3d:aa debug3: put_host_port: [10.0.50.170]:17622 debug3: put_host_port: [10.0.50.170]:17622 debug3: load_hostkeys: loading entries for host "[10.0.50.170]:17622" from file "/Users/userlocal/.ssh/known_hosts" debug3: load_hostkeys: found key type RSA in file /Users/userlocal/.ssh/known_hosts:13 debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys debug3: load_hostkeys: loading entries for host "[10.0.50.170]:17622" from file "/Users/userlocal/.ssh/known_hosts" debug3: load_hostkeys: found key type RSA in file /Users/userlocal/.ssh/known_hosts:13 debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys debug1: Host '[10.0.50.170]:17622' is known and matches the RSA host key. debug1: Found key in /Users/userlocal/.ssh/known_hosts:13 debug2: bits set: 510/1024 debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct debug2: kex_derive_keys debug2: set_newkeys: mode 1 debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug2: set_newkeys: mode 0 debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug1: Roaming not allowed by server debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug2: key: /Users/userlocal/.ssh/id_rsa (0x7f80b26004a0), debug2: key: /Users/userlocal/.ssh/id_rsa (0x0), debug2: key: /Users/userlocal/.ssh/id_dsa (0x0), debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password debug3: start over, passed a different list publickey,password debug3: preferred publickey,keyboard-interactive,password debug3: authmethod_lookup publickey debug3: remaining preferred: keyboard-interactive,password debug3: authmethod_is_enabled publickey debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Offering RSA public key: /Users/userlocal/.ssh/id_rsa debug3: send_pubkey_test debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply debug1: Server accepts key: pkalg ssh-rsa blen 149 debug2: input_userauth_pk_ok: fp 03:8e:bc:ca:5f:e8:1f:40:4d:ce:18:c8:06:63:3c:7a debug3: sign_and_send_pubkey: RSA 03:8e:bc:ca:5f:e8:1f:40:4d:ce:18:c8:06:63:3c:7a debug3: input_userauth_banner Access denied for this host Connection closed by 10.0.50.170 服务器/var/log/auth.log输出（部分）
debug1: Found matching RSA key: <blah> debug1: restore_uid: 0/0 debug1: do_pam_account: called Failed publickey for user from 10.0.0.1 debug1: userauth_send_banner: sent [preauth] fatal: Access denied for user user by PAM account configuration [preauth] debug1: do_cleanup [preauth] debug1: monitor_read_log: child log fd closed debug1: do_cleanup debug1: PAM: cleanup debug1: pam_unix(cron:session)
sshd_config中
# Package generated configuration file # See the sshd_config(5) manpage for details # What ports, IPs and protocols we listen for Port 17622 # Use these options to restrict which interfaces/protocols sshd will bind to #ListenAddress :: #ListenAddress 0.0.0.0 Protocol 2 # HostKeys for protocol version 2 HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key #Privilege Separation is turned on for security UsePrivilegeSeparation yes # Lifetime and size of ephemeral version 1 server key KeyRegenerationInterval 3600 ServerKeyBits 768 # Logging SyslogFacility AUTH LogLevel INFO # Authentication: LoginGraceTime 120 PermitRootLogin yes StrictModes yes RSAAuthentication yes PubkeyAuthentication yes #AuthorizedKeysFile %h/.ssh/authorized_keys # Don't read the user's ~/.rhosts and ~/.shosts files IgnoreRhosts yes # For this to work you will also need host keys in /etc/ssh_known_hosts RhostsRSAAuthentication no # similar for protocol version 2 HostbasedAuthentication no # Uncomment if you don't trust ~/.ssh/known_hosts for RhostsRSAAuthentication #IgnoreUserKnownHosts yes # To enable empty passwords, change to yes (NOT RECOMMENDED) PermitEmptyPasswords no # Change to yes to enable challenge-response passwords (beware issues with # some PAM modules and threads) ChallengeResponseAuthentication no # Change to no to disable tunnelled clear text passwords #PasswordAuthentication yes # Kerberos options #KerberosAuthentication no #KerberosGetAFSToken no #KerberosOrLocalPasswd yes #KerberosTicketCleanup yes # GSSAPI options #GSSAPIAuthentication no #GSSAPICleanupCredentials yes X11Forwarding yes X11DisplayOffset 10 PrintMotd no PrintLastLog yes TCPKeepAlive yes #UseLogin no #MaxStartups 10:30:60 #Banner /etc/issue.net # Allow client to pass locale environment variables AcceptEnv LANG LC_* Subsystem sftp /usr/lib/openssh/sftp-server # Set this to 'yes' to enable PAM authentication, account processing, # and session processing. If this is enabled, PAM authentication will # be allowed through the ChallengeResponseAuthentication and # PasswordAuthentication. Depending on your PAM configuration, # PAM authentication via ChallengeResponseAuthentication may bypass # the setting of "PermitRootLogin without-password". # If you just want the PAM account and session checks to run without # PAM authentication, then enable this but set PasswordAuthentication # and ChallengeResponseAuthentication to 'no'. UsePAM yes
的ldap.conf
pam_member_attribute memberuid base dc=mydomain,dc=com timelimit 180 bind_timelimit 180 idle_timelimit 2700 bind_policy soft pam_lookup_policy yes pam_check_host_attr yes nss_initgroups_ignoreusers avahi,avahi-autoipd,backup,bin,colord,daemon,ftp,games,gnats,hplip,irc,kernoops,landscape,libuuid,lightdm,list,lp,mail,ma n,messagebus,mysql,news,nslcd,ntp,nx,postfix,proxy,pulse,root,rtkit,saned,smmsp,smmta,snmp,speech-dispatcher,sshd,stunnel4,sync,sys,syslog,usbmux,uu cp,uvncrep,whoopsie,www-data pam_password epox uri ldaps://prdlnxauth1.mydomain.com ldaps://prdlnxauth2.mydomain.com
的nsswitch.conf
# /etc/nsswitch.conf # # Example configuration of GNU Name Service Switch functionality. # If you have the `glibc-doc-reference' and `info' packages installed, try: # `info libc "Name Service Switch"' for information about this file. passwd: ldap compat group: ldap compat shadow: ldap compat hosts: files dns networks: files protocols: db files services: db files ethers: db files rpc: db files netgroup: nis
pam.conf是空的（所有的默认评论）
等/ pam.d / ATD
auth require pam_env.so @include common-auth @include common-account session require pam_limits.so
等/ pam.d /共同-AUTH
auth [success=2 default=ignore] pam_unix.so nullok_secure auth [success=1 default=ignore] pam_ldap.so use_first_pass # here's the fallback if no module succeeds auth requisite pam_deny.so # prime the stack with a positive return value if there isn't one already; # this avoids us returning an error just because nothing sets a success code # since the modules above will each just jump around auth required pam_permit.so # and here are more per-package modules (the "Additional" block) auth optional pam_cap.so # end of pam-auth-update config
等/ pam.d /共帐户
# here are the per-package modules (the "Primary" block) account [success=2 new_authtok_reqd=done default=ignore] pam_unix.so account [success=1 default=ignore] pam_ldap.so # here's the fallback if no module succeeds account requisite pam_deny.so # prime the stack with a positive return value if there isn't one already; # this avoids us returning an error just because nothing sets a success code # since the modules above will each just jump around account required pam_permit.so # and here are more per-package modules (the "Additional" block) # end of pam-auth-update config
如果我在sshdconfiguration中禁用pam，那么密钥authentication工作正常，但密码不会。 如果我启用它，本地用户可以，但LDAP用户将无法工作。