我使用PowerDNS运行两台机器，一台是主设备（SQL），另一台是从设备（绑定后端）。
在我修改了一个域并且碰到串口之后，我在日志里得到了这个：
Sep 30 22:13:20 localhost pdns[6884]: 1 domain for which we are master needs notifications Sep 30 22:13:20 localhost pdns[6884]: Queued notification of domain 'netly.io' to 146.185.146.149 Sep 30 22:13:20 localhost pdns[6884]: Queued notification of domain 'netly.io' to 146.185.147.74 Sep 30 22:13:20 localhost pdns[6884]: Received NOTIFY for netly.io from 146.185.146.149 but slave support is disabled in the configuration Sep 30 22:13:21 localhost pdns[6884]: Received unsuccessful notification report for 'netly.io' from 146.185.146.149:53, rcode: 4 Sep 30 22:13:21 localhost pdns[6884]: Removed from notification list: 'netly.io' to 146.185.146.149:53 Sep 30 22:13:23 localhost pdns[6884]: No master domains need notifications 我知道这是通知自己（146.185.146.149），因为它被设置为域名服务器，并且这些错误可以被忽略。 它（看起来像）通知其他服务器（146.185.147.74或162.243.29.199）以及。
但是，奴隶没有在日志中显示任何内容，当我捕捉域文件，我可以看到旧的串行和子域不被更新。
dig @ slave-server也显示旧的设置。
告诉它重新加载也不会更新绑定区域文件：
slave-server # pdns_control reload Ok slave-server # tail -f /var/log/daemon.log Sep 30 22:21:28 node-e31401 pdns[2259]: Zone 'netly.io' (/etc/powerdns/bind/netly.io.) needs reloading Sep 30 22:21:28 node-e31401 pdns[2259]: Zone 'netly.io' (/etc/powerdns/bind/netly.io.) reloaded
但是，当我完全重新启动PDNS时，终于发现它已经过期，并正确地获取更新的区域：
slave-server # /etc/init.d/pdns restart [ ok ] Restarting PowerDNS Authoritative Name Server: pdns. slave-server # tail -f /var/log/daemon.log Sep 30 22:23:48 node-e31401 pdns[2911]: 2 slave domains need checking, 0 queued for AXFR Sep 30 22:23:48 node-e31401 pdns[2911]: Received serial number updates for 2 zones, had 0 timeouts Sep 30 22:23:48 node-e31401 pdns[2911]: Domain netly.io is stale, master serial 2013093004, our serial 2013093003 Sep 30 22:23:48 node-e31401 pdns[2911]: Domain titify.com is fresh (not presigned, no RRSIG check) Sep 30 22:23:48 node-e31401 pdns[2911]: No master domains need notifications Sep 30 22:23:48 node-e31401 pdns[2911]: Initiating transfer of 'netly.io' from remote '146.185.146.149' Sep 30 22:23:48 node-e31401 pdns[2911]: AXFR started for 'netly.io', transaction started Sep 30 22:23:48 node-e31401 pdns[2911]: Zone 'netly.io' (/etc/powerdns/bind/netly.io.) reloaded Sep 30 22:23:48 node-e31401 pdns[2911]: AXFR done for 'netly.io', zone committed with serial number 2013093004 Sep 30 22:23:48 node-e31401 pdns[2911]: Done launching threads, ready to distribute questions
我在这里错过了什么？ 什么导致主人正确地通知奴隶，但奴隶不要获取新的区域？
编辑：
tcpdump的：
node-fd1d01 ~ # tcpdump -n 'host 146.185.146.149 and port 53' tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes 09:51:38.042713 IP 146.185.146.149.42478 > 162.243.29.199.53: 61745 notify [b2&3=0x2400] SOA? netly.io. (26) 09:51:41.043323 IP 146.185.146.149.42478 > 162.243.29.199.53: 61745 notify [b2&3=0x2400] SOA? netly.io. (26) 09:51:46.044145 IP 146.185.146.149.42478 > 162.243.29.199.53: 61745 notify [b2&3=0x2400] SOA? netly.io. (26) 09:51:52.049533 IP 146.185.146.149.42478 > 162.243.29.199.53: 59408 notify [b2&3=0x2400] SOA? netly.io. (26) 09:51:55.050715 IP 146.185.146.149.42478 > 162.243.29.199.53: 61745 notify [b2&3=0x2400] SOA? netly.io. (26) 09:51:55.050753 IP 146.185.146.149.42478 > 162.243.29.199.53: 59408 notify [b2&3=0x2400] SOA? netly.io. (26) 09:52:00.053327 IP 146.185.146.149.42478 > 162.243.29.199.53: 59408 notify [b2&3=0x2400] SOA? netly.io. (26) 09:52:09.056321 IP 146.185.146.149.42478 > 162.243.29.199.53: 59408 notify [b2&3=0x2400] SOA? netly.io. (26)
日志不显示任何新东西（最新在09h48）：
node-fd1d01 /etc/powerdns/bind # tail -f /var/log/daemon.log Oct 2 09:47:59 localhost pdns[2253]: Domain netly.io is fresh (not presigned, no RRSIG check) Oct 2 09:47:59 localhost pdns[2253]: Domain titify.com is fresh (not presigned, no RRSIG check) Oct 2 09:47:59 localhost pdns[2253]: No master domains need notifications Oct 2 09:47:59 localhost pdns[2253]: Done launching threads, ready to distribute questions Oct 2 09:48:00 localhost ntpd[2144]: Listen normally on 6 tun0 172.17.24.1 UDP 123 Oct 2 09:48:00 localhost ntpd[2144]: Listen normally on 7 tun1 172.17.16.1 UDP 123 Oct 2 09:48:00 localhost ntpd[2144]: peers refreshed Oct 2 09:48:12 localhost dbus[2093]: [system] Activating service name='org.freedesktop.ConsoleKit' (using servicehelper) Oct 2 09:48:12 localhost dbus[2093]: [system] Successfully activated service 'org.freedesktop.ConsoleKit' Oct 2 09:48:59 localhost pdns[2253]: No new unfresh slave domains, 0 queued for AXFR already
但是，当我捕捉区域文件（在绑定格式）它不会更新。
我们遇到了这种情况，事实certificate，DNS通知消息的目标实际上是拒绝了这个消息。
注意下面的“通知拒绝”。 replace假的服务器和区域名称。
# tcpdump -v -r notify.pcap reading from file notify.pcap, link-type LINUX_SLL (Linux cooked) 00:00:33.210137 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 0, offset 0, flags [DF], proto UDP (17), length 61) master.dns.server.46861 > slave.dns.server.domain: 49437 notify SOA? zoneinquestion.com. (33) 00:00:33.236488 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 55, id 17352, offset 0, flags [none], proto UDP (17), length 61) slave.dns.server.domain > master.dns.server.46861: 49437 notify Refused- 0/0/0 (33) 00:00:36.244057 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 0, offset 0, flags [DF], proto UDP (17), length 61) master.dns.server.46861 > slave.dns.server.domain: 48449 notify SOA? zoneinquestion.com. (33) 00:00:36.269682 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 55, id 17353, offset 0, flags [none], proto UDP (17), length 61) slave.dns.server.domain > master.dns.server.46861: 48449 notify Refused- 0/0/0 (33) 00:00:36.519361 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 0, offset 0, flags [DF], proto UDP (17), length 61) master.dns.server.46861 > slave.dns.server.domain: 65128 notify SOA? zoneinquestion.com. (33) 00:00:36.544391 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 55, id 17354, offset 0, flags [none], proto UDP (17), length 61) slave.dns.server.domain > master.dns.server.46861: 65128 notify Refused- 0/0/0 (33)
通过以下方法捕获主输出：
tcpdump -U -i any -w notify.pcap -s 1600 host slave.dns.server
问题是端口53从外部端口被防火墙，但不在本地主机或VPN接口上。 我没有注意到，因为我通常尝试dig @localhost 。
如果我理解正确，主人发送消息到UDP / 53（通过Stefan）。 这是部分防火墙造成的问题。
主：
Oct 3 18:56:25 localhost pdns[6884]: gmysql Connection successful Oct 3 18:56:25 localhost pdns[6884]: AXFR of domain 'netly.io' initiated by 162.243.25.159 Oct 3 18:56:25 localhost pdns[6884]: AXFR of domain 'netly.io' allowed: client IP 162.243.25.159 is in allow-axfr-ips Oct 3 18:56:25 localhost pdns[6884]: gmysql Connection successful Oct 3 18:56:25 localhost pdns[6884]: gmysql Connection successful Oct 3 18:56:25 localhost pdns[6884]: AXFR of domain 'netly.io' to 162.243.25.159 finished Oct 3 18:56:25 localhost pdns[6884]: Received unsuccessful notification report for 'netly.io' from 146.185.146.149:53, rcode: 4 Oct 3 18:56:25 localhost pdns[6884]: Removed from notification list: 'netly.io' to 146.185.146.149:53 Oct 3 18:56:25 localhost pdns[6884]: Removed from notification list: 'netly.io' to 162.243.25.159:53 (was acknowledged) Oct 3 18:56:27 localhost pdns[6884]: No master domains need notifications
奴隶：
Oct 3 18:56:25 localhost pdns[2263]: 1 slave domain needs checking, 0 queued for AXFR Oct 3 18:56:25 localhost pdns[2263]: Received serial number updates for 1 zones, had 0 timeouts Oct 3 18:56:25 localhost pdns[2263]: Domain netly.io is stale, master serial 2013100302, our serial 2013100301 Oct 3 18:56:25 localhost pdns[2263]: Initiating transfer of 'netly.io' from remote '146.185.146.149' Oct 3 18:56:25 localhost pdns[2263]: AXFR started for 'netly.io', transaction started Oct 3 18:56:25 localhost pdns[2263]: Zone 'netly.io' (/etc/powerdns/bind/netly.io.) reloaded Oct 3 18:56:25 localhost pdns[2263]: AXFR done for 'netly.io', zone committed with serial number 2013100302