我在这里运行一些小的ISP,我拥有几个IP范围。
我给了我的一些客户一些公共IP地址,他们正在运行邮件服务器。 他们要求我为其IP添加反向DNS条目( PTR )。
我绑定在我的服务器上运行。 我可以在同一个服务器/同一个文件中添加多个PTRlogging吗?
我拥有的IP范围: 192.168.10.0/24
Customer A: 192.168.10.103 Customer B: 192.168.10.199 Customer C: 192.168.10.169 Customer D: 192.168.10.69
谢谢。
从这个TLDP示例中可以看到,您可以在同一个区域中有多个PTRlogging。
$TTL 3D @ IN SOA yourdomain.com. root.yourdomain.com. ( 199609206 ; Serial 28800 ; Refresh 7200 ; Retry 604800 ; Expire 86400) ; Minimum TTL NS ns1.yourdomain.com. NS ns2.yourdomain.net. ; ; Servers ; 1 PTR router.yourdomain.com. 2 PTR server.yourdomain.com. ; ; Customers ; 69 PTR mail.customerD.com. 103 PTR mail.customerA.com. 169 PTR mail.customerC.com. 199 PTR mail.customerB.com.
把你分配的IP放入你的反转文件是一个好主意,以避免重复。
这对我来说很好:
$ dig -x 103.249.240.224 ; <<>> DiG 9.9.5-3ubuntu0.4-Ubuntu <<>> -x 103.249.240.224 ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 8551 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;224.240.249.103.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR ;; ANSWER SECTION: 224.240.249.103.in-addr.arpa. 1685 IN PTR mk.localhost-server.com. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: mk.localhost-server.com. 21526 IN A 103.249.240.224 ;; Query time: 2 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.1.1#53(127.0.1.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Aug 19 09:53:51 PDT 2015 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 99 $ dig mk.localhost-server.com ; <<>> DiG 9.9.5-3ubuntu0.4-Ubuntu <<>> mk.localhost-server.com ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 61167 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;mk.localhost-server.com. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: mk.localhost-server.com. 21520 IN A 103.249.240.224 ;; Query time: 1 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.1.1#53(127.0.1.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Aug 19 09:53:56 PDT 2015 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 57 chicks@silver 09:53:56 ~ !515 $
确认破碎:
$ dig -x 103.249.240.224 ; <<>> DiG 9.9.5-3ubuntu0.3-Ubuntu <<>> -x 103.249.240.224 ;; global options: +cmd ;; connection timed out; no servers could be reached
从http://mxtoolbox.com/SuperTool.aspx?action=ptr%3a103.249.240.224&run=toolpage :
PWS3v2 11784ms 0 c.in-addr-servers.arpa 196.216.169.10 NON-AUTH 296 ms Received 6 Referrals , rcode=NO_ERROR 103.in-addr.arpa. 86400 IN NS ns1.apnic.net,103.in-addr.arpa. 86400 IN NS ns2.lacnic.net,103.in-addr.arpa. 86400 IN NS ns3.apnic.net,103.in-addr.arpa. 86400 IN NS ns4.apnic.net,103.in-addr.arpa. 86400 IN NS sec1.authdns.ripe.net,103.in-addr.arpa. 86400 IN NS tinnie.arin.net, 1 ns4.apnic.net 202.12.31.140 NON-AUTH 187 ms Received 4 Referrals , rcode=NO_ERROR 240.249.103.in-addr.arpa. 86400 IN NS ns2.gazonindia.com,240.249.103.in-addr.arpa. 86400 IN NS ns4.gazonindia.com,240.249.103.in-addr.arpa. 86400 IN NS ns3.gazonindia.com,240.249.103.in-addr.arpa. 86400 IN NS ns1.gazonindia.com, 2 ns4.gazonindia.com 103.249.240.10 NON-AUTH 187 ms Timeout after 3 sec, rcode=NO_ERROR 2 ns1.gazonindia.com 103.249.240.8 NON-AUTH 187 ms Timeout after 3 sec, rcode=NO_ERROR 2 ns3.gazonindia.com 103.249.240.9 NON-AUTH 187 ms Timeout after 3 sec, rcode=NO_ERROR 2 ns2.gazonindia.com NON-AUTH 187 ms Timeout resolving IP, rcode=NO_ERROR
这看起来像Gazon的服务器没有响应。 那么让我们通过whois找出谁联系:
$ whois 103.249.240.224 % [whois.apnic.net] % Whois data copyright terms http://www.apnic.net/db/dbcopyright.html % Information related to '103.249.240.0 - 103.249.243.255' inetnum: 103.249.240.0 - 103.249.243.255 netname: GAZON descr: Gazon Communications India Limited admin-c: KD220-AP tech-c: SA683-AP country: IN mnt-by: MAINT-IN-IRINN mnt-irt: IRT-IRINN-IN status: ASSIGNED portable changed: [email protected] 20130613 mnt-routes: MAINT-IN-GAZON source: APNIC irt: IRT-IRINN-IN address: Flat no. 6B, Uppals M6 Plaza, 6 Jasola District Centre, New Delhi-110025 e-mail: [email protected] abuse-mailbox: [email protected] admin-c: IH175-AP tech-c: IH174-AP auth: # Filtered mnt-by: MAINT-IN-IRINN changed: [email protected] 20120907 source: APNIC role: System Admin address: Parason House, 28, Venkatesh Nagar, Aurangabad, Maharashtra country: IN phone: +91-9762055555 fax-no: +91-2402332944 e-mail: [email protected] admin-c: KD220-AP tech-c: KD220-AP nic-hdl: SA683-AP remarks: send spam and abuse report to [email protected] notify: [email protected] abuse-mailbox: [email protected] mnt-by: MAINT-IN-PARASON changed: [email protected] 20140801 source: APNIC person: Kishor Desarda address: Parason House, 28, Venkatesh Nagar, Aurangabad, Maharashtra country: IN phone: +91-9762055555 fax-no: +91-2402332944 e-mail: [email protected] nic-hdl: KD220-AP remarks: send spam and abuse report to [email protected] notify: [email protected] abuse-mailbox: [email protected] mnt-by: MAINT-IN-PARASON changed: [email protected] 20140801 source: APNIC % Information related to '103.249.240.0/24AS132770' route: 103.249.240.0/24 descr: Gazon Communications India Limited origin: AS132770 country: IN mnt-lower: MAINT-IN-IRINN mnt-routes: MAINT-IN-IRINN mnt-by: MAINT-IN-IRINN changed: [email protected] 20130708 source: APNIC % Information related to '103.249.240.0 - 103.249.243.255' inetnum: 103.249.240.0 - 103.249.243.255 netname: GAZON descr: Gazon Communications India Limited admin-c: KD1-IN tech-c: MN8-IN country: IN mnt-by: MAINT-IN-GAZON mnt-irt: IRT-GAZON-IN status: ASSIGNED portable changed: [email protected] source: APNIC irt: IRT-GAZON-IN address: Pune phone: +91 02065101230 fax-no: +91 2402332944 e-mail: [email protected] abuse-mailbox: [email protected] admin-c: KD1-IN tech-c: MN8-IN auth: CRYPT-PW yx9RQZOlthZT6 remarks: send spam and abuse report to [email protected] mnt-by: MAINT-IN-GAZON changed: [email protected] 20130613 source: IRINN role: Manager NOC address: Pune country: IN phone: +91 02065101230 fax-no: +91 2402332944 e-mail: [email protected] admin-c: KD1-IN tech-c: KD1-IN nic-hdl: MN8-IN remarks: send spam and abuse report to [email protected] notify: [email protected] abuse-mailbox: [email protected] mnt-by: MAINT-IN-GAZON changed: [email protected] 20130613 source: IRINN person: Kishor Desarda address: Parason House, 28, Venkatesh Nagar, Jalna Road country: IN phone: +91 02065101230 fax-no: +91 2402332944 e-mail: [email protected] nic-hdl: KD1-IN remarks: send spam and abuse report to [email protected] notify: [email protected] abuse-mailbox: [email protected] mnt-by: MAINT-IN-GAZON changed: [email protected] 20130613 source: IRINN % Information related to '103.249.240.0/24AS132770' route: 103.249.240.0/24 descr: Gazon Communications India Limited country: IN origin: AS132770 remarks: [email protected] notify: [email protected] mnt-lower: MAINT-IN-GAZON mnt-routes: MAINT-IN-GAZON mnt-by: MAINT-IN-GAZON changed: [email protected] 20130625 source: IRINN % This query was served by the APNIC Whois Service version 1.69.1-APNICv1r0 (UNDEFINED)
是的,如果你的IPnetworking是192.168.10.0/24 ,那么你不但可以在同一个反向区域文件中有多个PTRlogging,而且你的反向区域是10.168.192.in-addr.arpa ,一个合理的替代scheme。
重要的是要注意,反向区域唯一与IPnetworking有直接关系的是。 区域中的指针logging可以引用任意数量的区域中的名称(不pipe名称是这些IP地址的规范名称)。
有一个常见的误解是反向区域与“前进”区域配对。
这是不正确的,我只能猜测,这个想法来自于文档和指南常常如何显示每个例子,而没有详细说明目的或者是什么样的关系,或者更确切地说, t两个例子之间。