经过设置和configurationVarnish Cache来处理单个站点的caching，我正在研究扩展服务以涵盖跨多个Web服务器运行的多个站点，每个站点依次使用NameVirtualHost运行多个虚拟主机。 这是我想要做的一个粗略的图表。

任何人都可以build议如何做到这一点，以及如何确保Varnish路由请求到正确的后端，因为我有问题试图让Varnish根据传入的URL处理多个后端，但我认为我把VCL设置错了，领先以各种激动人心的问题。

请注意，我不想使用Varnish在服务器之间进行负载平衡 。 这可能会晚一些，否则我可能会将一个负载均衡器粘贴在一个varnish实例集群的前面。

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解决了

这是我最终使用的VCL。 这有点长，也很费力，如果有人有对优化方法的build议，我会很感激。

# Varnish - Shared caching cluster # backend live { .host = "sharedserver1.example.com"; .port = "80"; } backend staging { .host = "sharedserver2.example.com"; .port = "80"; } acl purge { "localhost"; "127.0.0.1"; } sub vcl_recv { # If it's NOT a dev site or something weird, direct to the live backend. if(req.http.host !~ ".dev.example.com") { set req.backend = live; return (lookup); } # Else, direct it to staging backend and bypass the cache. else { set req.backend = staging; return (pass); } # Don't cache search pages or any other dynamic content/forms # Check if backend is healthy, otherwise say 'sod it' and serve outdated content for X hours. if (req.backend.healthy) { set req.grace = 30s; } else { set req.grace = 24h; } # Allow stale items to be served for 8 hours #set resp.grace = 8h; ## Remove the X-Forwarded-For header if it exists. remove req.http.X-Forwarded-For; set req.http.X-Forwarded-For = client.ip; # Single-file PURGE commands if (req.request == "PURGE") { if(!client.ip ~ purge) { error 405 "Not allowed"; } return (lookup); } # Nuclear option: BAN if (req.request == "BAN") { # Same ACL check as above: if (!client.ip ~ purge) { error 405 "Not allowed."; } # Clear any cached object containing req.url ban("req.url ~ " + req.url); # Clear any cached object matching req.url ban("req.url == " + req.url); # Clear any cached object matching req.url AND matching the hostname ban("req.http.host == " + req.http.host + "&& req.url == " + req.url); # Throw a synthetic page so the # request won't go to the backend. error 200 "Ban added"; } if (req.http.Accept-Encoding) { if (req.http.Accept-Encoding ~ "gzip") { # If browser supports gzip strip other encodings from request set req.http.Accept-Encoding = "gzip"; } else if (req.http.Accept-Encoding ~ "deflate") { # If browser supports deflate strip other encodings from request set req.http.Accept-Encoding = "deflate"; } else { # Unknown encoding in header, remove it unset req.http.Accept-Encoding; } } # Ignore requests for fresh content; cache everything. unset req.http.Cache-Control; unset req.http.Max-Age; unset req.http.Pragma; unset req.http.Cookie; # Strip hash, server doesn't need it. if (req.url ~ "\#") { set req.url=regsub(req.url,"\#.*$",""); } # Strip out Google related parameters if(req.url ~ "(\?|&)(utm_source|utm_medium|utm_campaign|gclid|cx|ie|cof|siteurl)=") { set req.url=regsuball(req.url,"&(utm_source|utm_medium|utm_campaign|gclid|cx|ie|cof|siteurl)=([A-z0-9_\-\.%25]+)",""); set req.url=regsuball(req.url,"\?(utm_source|utm_medium|utm_campaign|gclid|cx|ie|cof|siteurl)=([A-z0-9_\-\.%25]+)","?"); set req.url=regsub(req.url,"\?&","?"); set req.url=regsub(req.url,"\?$",""); } # Strip cookies for static files: if (req.url ~ "\.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|ico|css|zip|tgz|gz|rar|bz2|pdf|txt|tar|wav|bmp|rtf|js|flv|swf|html|htm)(\?[a-z0-9]+)?$") { unset req.http.Cookie; return(lookup); } # Remove has_js and Google Analytics __* cookies. set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "(^|;\s*)(__[az]+|has_js)=[^;]*", ""); # Remove a ";" prefix, if present. set req.http.Cookie = regsub(req.http.Cookie, "^;\s*", ""); # Remove empty cookies. if (req.http.Cookie ~ "^\s*$") { unset req.http.Cookie; } } sub vcl_hit { if (req.request == "PURGE") { purge; error 200 "Purged!"; } } sub vcl_hash { if (req.http.Cookie) { #set req.hash += req.http.Cookie; #hash_data(req.url); hash_data(req.http.cookie); } } sub vcl_fetch { # If backend is dead DO NOT CACHE 404s if (beresp.status == 404) { set beresp.ttl = 0s; } # Strip cookies for static files: if (req.url ~ "\.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|ico|css|zip|tgz|gz|rar|bz2|pdf|txt|tar|wav|bmp|rtf|js|flv|swf|html|htm)$") { unset beresp.http.set-cookie; } # Varnish determined the object was not cacheable if (!beresp.ttl > 0s) { set beresp.http.X-Cacheable = "NO:Not Cacheable"; } elsif(req.http.Cookie ~"(UserID|_session)") { # You don't wish to cache content for logged in users set beresp.http.X-Cacheable = "NO:Got Session"; return(hit_for_pass); } elsif ( beresp.http.Cache-Control ~ "private") { # You are respecting the Cache-Control=private header from the backend set beresp.http.X-Cacheable = "NO:Cache-Control=private"; return(hit_for_pass); } elsif ( beresp.ttl < 1s ) { # You are extending the lifetime of the object artificially set beresp.ttl = 300s; set beresp.grace = 300s; set beresp.http.X-Cacheable = "YES:Forced"; } else { # Varnish determined the object was cacheable set beresp.http.X-Cacheable = "YES"; } set beresp.http.x-url = req.url; # Allow stale items to be served for 8 hours set beresp.grace = 30s; set beresp.http.x-host = req.http.host; return(deliver); } sub vcl_deliver { remove resp.http.X-Varnish; remove resp.http.Via; remove resp.http.Age; unset resp.http.x-host; remove resp.http.X-Cacheable; ## We'd like to hide the X-Powered-By headers. Nobody has to know we can run PHP and have version xyz of it. remove resp.http.X-Powered-By; } sub vcl_miss { if (!req.backend.healthy) { return (error); } if (req.request == "PURGE") { purge; error 404 "Not In Cache"; } } sub vcl_pass { if (req.request == "PURGE") { error 502 "PURGE on a missed object"; } } sub vcl_error { #if (!req.backend.healthy && obj.status != 200 && obj.status != 403 && obj.status != 404 && obj.status != 301 && obj.status != 302) { if (obj.status != 200 && obj.status != 403 && obj.status != 404 && obj.status != 301 && obj.status != 302) { #if (!req.backend.healthy && obj.status!=200) { synthetic{" <!doctype html> <html> <body><h1>it's dead,dave</h1></body> </html> "}; return (deliver); } } 

  backend lorem { .host = "10.0.0.1"; .port = "8088"; } 

  if(req.http.host ~ "loren.com"){ set req.backend = nginx; return(pass); }