如何修复硬盘错误？

突然，我的硬盘没有工作。启动时，它会发出failed command: READ DMA和status: { DRDY }错误。所以，我用Live CD启动系统，并尝试安装硬盘。它给出了以下错误。

kern.log

 Jan 29 18:58:43 mint kernel: [ 353.763226] usb 1-5: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 5 Jan 29 18:58:44 mint kernel: [ 353.895886] usb 1-5: New USB device found, idVendor=152d, idProduct=2338 Jan 29 18:58:44 mint kernel: [ 353.895893] usb 1-5: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=5 Jan 29 18:58:44 mint kernel: [ 353.895899] usb 1-5: Product: USB to ATA/ATAPI bridge Jan 29 18:58:44 mint kernel: [ 353.895903] usb 1-5: Manufacturer: JMicron Jan 29 18:58:44 mint kernel: [ 353.895907] usb 1-5: SerialNumber: 000000000000 Jan 29 18:58:44 mint kernel: [ 353.896072] usb 1-5: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice Jan 29 18:58:44 mint kernel: [ 353.896832] scsi5 : SCSI emulation for USB Mass Storage devices Jan 29 18:58:44 mint kernel: [ 353.897123] usb-storage: device found at 5 Jan 29 18:58:44 mint kernel: [ 353.897127] usb-storage: waiting for device to settle before scanning Jan 29 18:58:49 mint kernel: [ 358.887333] usb-storage: device scan complete Jan 29 18:58:49 mint kernel: [ 358.887831] scsi 5:0:0:0: Direct-Access ST332041 8AS PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 Jan 29 18:58:49 mint kernel: [ 358.889424] scsi 5:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg1 type 0 Jan 29 18:58:49 mint kernel: [ 359.084346] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] 625142448 512-byte logical blocks: (320 GB/298 GiB) Jan 29 18:58:49 mint kernel: [ 359.085076] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off Jan 29 18:58:49 mint kernel: [ 359.085082] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 28 00 00 00 Jan 29 18:58:49 mint kernel: [ 359.085086] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Assuming drive cache: write through Jan 29 18:58:49 mint kernel: [ 359.086570] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Assuming drive cache: write through Jan 29 18:59:13 mint kernel: [ 359.086577] sda: sda1 sda2 sda3 < Jan 29 18:59:13 mint kernel: [ 383.246559] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Unhandled sense code Jan 29 18:59:13 mint kernel: [ 383.246566] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE Jan 29 18:59:13 mint kernel: [ 383.246573] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Sense Key : Medium Error [current] Jan 29 18:59:13 mint kernel: [ 383.246581] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Add. Sense: Unrecovered read error Jan 29 18:59:13 mint kernel: [ 383.246588] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] CDB: Read(10): 28 00 02 8f ba f0 00 00 08 00 Jan 29 18:59:13 mint kernel: [ 383.246604] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 42973936 Jan 29 18:59:13 mint kernel: [ 383.246612] Buffer I/O error on device sda, logical block 5371742 Jan 29 18:59:13 mint kernel: [ 383.375718] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Unhandled sense code Jan 29 18:59:13 mint kernel: [ 383.375725] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE Jan 29 18:59:13 mint kernel: [ 383.375731] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Sense Key : Medium Error [current] Jan 29 18:59:13 mint kernel: [ 383.375739] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Add. Sense: Unrecovered read error Jan 29 18:59:13 mint kernel: [ 383.375746] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] CDB: Read(10): 28 00 02 8f ba f0 00 00 08 00 Jan 29 18:59:13 mint kernel: [ 383.375762] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 42973936 Jan 29 18:59:13 mint kernel: [ 383.375769] Buffer I/O error on device sda, logical block 5371742 Jan 29 18:59:13 mint kernel: [ 383.375794] > sda4 Jan 29 18:59:13 mint kernel: [ 383.483644] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Unhandled sense code Jan 29 18:59:13 mint kernel: [ 383.483650] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE Jan 29 18:59:13 mint kernel: [ 383.483656] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Sense Key : Medium Error [current] Jan 29 18:59:13 mint kernel: [ 383.483663] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Add. Sense: Unrecovered read error Jan 29 18:59:13 mint kernel: [ 383.483670] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] CDB: Read(10): 28 00 02 54 29 80 00 00 08 00 Jan 29 18:59:13 mint kernel: [ 383.483685] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 39070080 Jan 29 18:59:13 mint kernel: [ 383.483691] Buffer I/O error on device sda, logical block 4883760 Jan 29 18:59:13 mint kernel: [ 383.608301] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Unhandled sense code Jan 29 18:59:13 mint kernel: [ 383.608306] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE Jan 29 18:59:13 mint kernel: [ 383.608312] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Sense Key : Medium Error [current] Jan 29 18:59:13 mint kernel: [ 383.608319] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Add. Sense: Unrecovered read error Jan 29 18:59:13 mint kernel: [ 383.608326] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] CDB: Read(10): 28 00 02 54 29 80 00 00 08 00 Jan 29 18:59:13 mint kernel: [ 383.608341] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 39070080 Jan 29 18:59:13 mint kernel: [ 383.608347] Buffer I/O error on device sda, logical block 4883760 Jan 29 18:59:14 mint kernel: [ 383.741338] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Unhandled sense code Jan 29 18:59:14 mint kernel: [ 383.741345] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE Jan 29 18:59:14 mint kernel: [ 383.741352] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Sense Key : Medium Error [current] Jan 29 18:59:14 mint kernel: [ 383.741359] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Add. Sense: Unrecovered read error Jan 29 18:59:14 mint kernel: [ 383.741367] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] CDB: Read(10): 28 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00 Jan 29 18:59:14 mint kernel: [ 383.741382] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 0 Jan 29 18:59:14 mint kernel: [ 383.741390] Buffer I/O error on device sda, logical block 0 Jan 29 18:59:14 mint kernel: [ 383.742223] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Assuming drive cache: write through Jan 29 18:59:14 mint kernel: [ 383.742233] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk Jan 29 18:59:14 mint kernel: [ 383.874351] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Unhandled sense code Jan 29 18:59:14 mint kernel: [ 383.874358] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE Jan 29 18:59:14 mint kernel: [ 383.874365] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Sense Key : Medium Error [current] Jan 29 18:59:14 mint kernel: [ 383.874373] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Add. Sense: Unrecovered read error Jan 29 18:59:14 mint kernel: [ 383.874380] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] CDB: Read(10): 28 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00 Jan 29 18:59:14 mint kernel: [ 383.874395] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 0 Jan 29 18:59:14 mint kernel: [ 383.874403] Buffer I/O error on device sda, logical block 0 Jan 29 18:59:14 mint kernel: [ 383.998881] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Unhandled sense code Jan 29 18:59:14 mint kernel: [ 383.998888] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE Jan 29 18:59:14 mint kernel: [ 383.998895] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Sense Key : Medium Error [current] Jan 29 18:59:14 mint kernel: [ 383.998903] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Add. Sense: Unrecovered read error Jan 29 18:59:14 mint kernel: [ 383.998910] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] CDB: Read(10): 28 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00 Jan 29 18:59:14 mint kernel: [ 383.998925] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 0 Jan 29 18:59:14 mint kernel: [ 383.998933] Buffer I/O error on device sda, logical block 0 Jan 29 18:59:14 mint kernel: [ 384.123538] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Unhandled sense code Jan 29 18:59:14 mint kernel: [ 384.123544] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE Jan 29 18:59:14 mint kernel: [ 384.123550] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Sense Key : Medium Error [current] Jan 29 18:59:14 mint kernel: [ 384.123557] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Add. Sense: Unrecovered read error Jan 29 18:59:14 mint kernel: [ 384.123564] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] CDB: Read(10): 28 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00 Jan 29 18:59:14 mint kernel: [ 384.123579] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 0

有什么办法来解决这些错误？

至less，如何从硬盘恢复数据？因为，我在那个硬盘里有更重要的数据。

这些错误是什么意思？

看看你的问题历史（这里和这里），我不知道这是否是同样的驱动器已经造成你6个月的问题…

如果是这样的话，你已经有了充足的警告和好的build议来处理失败的磁盘。计划中至less应该有某种备份。

在这一点上，专业的数据恢复服务可能是最好的select。这似乎是一个缓慢的失败，所以也许是一个机械问题。一些数据恢复服务将取代驱动器控制器，arm，轴承等，甚至将盘片转移到新的机制，以便尽最大努力从磁盘恢复剩余的数据。

得到一个估计。如果这些数据真的很有价值，那么您就可以附加价格。

像这样的错误：

 Jan 29 18:59:13 mint kernel: [ 383.608312] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Sense Key : Medium Error [current] Jan 29 18:59:13 mint kernel: [ 383.608319] sd 5:0:0:0: [sda] Add. Sense: Unrecovered read error

通常意味着你的驱动器被炸，最快的解决scheme是更换驱动器并从备份恢复。

如果live CD无法读取/挂载磁盘，那么可能没有简单/快速的方法从磁盘恢复数据。所以没有备份，你可能被拧了，我很抱歉地说。

专业的数据恢复工具/服务可能会从磁盘上获取一些数据，但是我会提醒你，恢复的数据通常不是有用的格式，需要花费更多的时间进行仔细的浏览，以便从磁盘中find实际的重要文件，甚至在那里通常没有保证，你会恢复所需的数据 – 还值得注意的是，你可能会通过经历这样的过程，可能使更难/不可能恢复任何数据进一步损害您的磁盘