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我无法在XEN主机上安装LVM快照

我想通过复制LVM快照来备份我的XEN虚拟机。 我试图装载一个包含XEN客户虚拟磁盘（ext4）的快照。

以下是我所遵循的所有步骤。 我无法安装快照，似乎没有分区表。

唯一存在的卷组是“VG_XenStorage-2be5fe38-c04b-3277-4ce0-438139457a4a”

我尝试备份的虚拟磁盘是：“/ dev / VG_XenStorage-2be5fe38-c04b-3277-4ce0-438139457a4a / VHD-8c8064d2-0101-46d4-b1e5-607ad4a92621”

我的快照LV的名称是“vmbackup”。

Xen主机上的mount命令的手册页不显示支持的ext4。 因此，我用ext3磁盘做了同样的testing，但是它给了我相同的结果。 

[root@ ~]# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name VG_XenStorage-2be5fe38-c04b-3277-4ce0-438139457a4a System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 76 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 4 Open LV 3 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 1.08 TB PE Size 4.00 MB Total PE 283852 Alloc PE / Size 5258 / 20.54 GB Free PE / Size 278594 / 1.06 TB VG UUID n4NO4a-fLFT-GCO0-PSye-oW06-UWYP-qryubC [root@ ~]# lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Name /dev/VG_XenStorage-2be5fe38-c04b-3277-4ce0-438139457a4a/MGT VG Name VG_XenStorage-2be5fe38-c04b-3277-4ce0-438139457a4a LV UUID uBsbF7-2O3B-S3S2-7t5M-wSCt-b8qu-2AufzM LV Write Access read/write LV Status available # open 0 LV Size 4.00 MB Current LE 1 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto currently set to 1024 Block device 252:1 --- Logical volume --- LV Name /dev/VG_XenStorage-2be5fe38-c04b-3277-4ce0- 438139457a4a/ISORepository VG Name VG_XenStorage-2be5fe38-c04b-3277-4ce0-438139457a4a LV UUID Bw8KcC-vexj-WEHx-W3dh-lo8b-UpGu-y7qWB4 LV Write Access read/write LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 10.00 GB Current LE 2560 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto currently set to 1024 Block device 252:0 --- Logical volume --- LV Name /dev/VG_XenStorage-2be5fe38-c04b-3277-4ce0-438139457a4a/VHD- 8c8064d2-0101-46d4-b1e5-607ad4a92621 VG Name VG_XenStorage-2be5fe38-c04b-3277-4ce0-438139457a4a LV UUID rCtzAA-VFUZ-tHLP-oJ1D-EHtR-ilXW-RcXwFg LV Write Access read/write LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 10.03 GB Current LE 2567 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto currently set to 1024 Block device 252:2 --- Logical volume --- LV Name /dev/VG_XenStorage-2be5fe38-c04b-3277-4ce0-438139457a4a/VHD-b1f9c38a-042e-4589-8ec5-6389aac8ee4d VG Name VG_XenStorage-2be5fe38-c04b-3277-4ce0-438139457a4a LV UUID 1Ks1pR-MSbr-U4Q4-bq2T-Py2d-HtUX-0PZnbu LV Write Access read/write LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 520.00 MB Current LE 130 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto currently set to 1024 Block device 252:3 [root@ ~]# lvcreate -L1G -s -n vmbackup /dev/VG_XenStorage-2be5fe38-c04b-3277-4ce0-438139457a4a/VHD-8c8064d2-0101-46d4-b1e5-607ad4a92621 Logical volume "vmbackup" created [root@ ~]# lvscan ACTIVE '/dev/VG_XenStorage-2be5fe38-c04b-3277-4ce0-438139457a4a/MGT' [4.00 MB] inherit ACTIVE '/dev/VG_XenStorage-2be5fe38-c04b-3277-4ce0-438139457a4a/ISORepository' [10.00 GB] inherit ACTIVE Original '/dev/VG_XenStorage-2be5fe38-c04b-3277-4ce0-438139457a4a/VHD-8c8064d2-0101-46d4-b1e5-607ad4a92621' [10.03 GB] inherit ACTIVE '/dev/VG_XenStorage-2be5fe38-c04b-3277-4ce0-438139457a4a/VHD-b1f9c38a-042e-4589-8ec5-6389aac8ee4d' [520.00 MB] inherit ACTIVE Snapshot '/dev/VG_XenStorage-2be5fe38-c04b-3277-4ce0-438139457a4a/vmbackup' [1.00 GB] inherit [root@ ~]# kpartx -a -v /dev/VG_XenStorage-2be5fe38-c04b-3277-4ce0-438139457a4a/vmbackup [root@ ~]# ls /dev/mapper/ control VG_XenStorage--2be5fe38--c04b--3277--4ce0--438139457a4a-VHD--8c8064d2--0101--46d4--b1e5--607ad4a92621-real VG_XenStorage--2be5fe38--c04b--3277--4ce0--438139457a4a-ISORepository VG_XenStorage--2be5fe38--c04b--3277--4ce0--438139457a4a-VHD--b1f9c38a--042e--4589--8ec5--6389aac8ee4d VG_XenStorage--2be5fe38--c04b--3277--4ce0--438139457a4a-MGT VG_XenStorage--2be5fe38--c04b--3277--4ce0--438139457a4a-vmbackup VG_XenStorage--2be5fe38--c04b--3277--4ce0--438139457a4a-VHD--8c8064d2--0101--46d4--b1e5--607ad4a92621 VG_XenStorage--2be5fe38--c04b--3277--4ce0--438139457a4a-vmbackup-cow [root@ ~]# mount /dev/mapper/VG_XenStorage--2be5fe38--c04b--3277--4ce0--438139457a4a-vmbackup /mnt mount: you must specify the filesystem type [root@ ~]# mount VG_XenStorage--2be5fe38--c04b--3277--4ce0--438139457a4a-vmbackup-cow /mnt mount: you must specify the filesystem type [root@ ~]# dmesg | tail [1531258.118928] device vif7.0 entered promiscuous mode [1531258.515365] blkback: event-channel 8 [1531258.515551] blkback: ring-ref 8 [1531258.515742] blkback: protocol 3 (x86_64-abi) [1531258.517356] blkback: event-channel 9 [1531258.517446] blkback: ring-ref 9 [1531258.517480] blkback: protocol 3 (x86_64-abi) [1531258.521059] /local/domain/7/device/vif/0: Connected [1531265.156744] /local/domain/7/device/vif/0: Connected [1531265.157147] /local/domain/7/device/vif/0: Closed [root@ ~]# mount -t ext4 /dev/VG_XenStorage-2be5fe38-c04b-3277-4ce0-438139457a4a/vmbackup /mnt mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/VG_XenStorage-2be5fe38-c04b-3277-4ce0-438139457a4a/vmbackup, missing codepage or other error In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try dmesg | tail or so [root@ ~]# dmesg | tail [1531258.515365] blkback: event-channel 8 [1531258.515551] blkback: ring-ref 8 [1531258.515742] blkback: protocol 3 (x86_64-abi) [1531258.517356] blkback: event-channel 9 [1531258.517446] blkback: ring-ref 9 [1531258.517480] blkback: protocol 3 (x86_64-abi) [1531258.521059] /local/domain/7/device/vif/0: Connected [1531265.156744] /local/domain/7/device/vif/0: Connected [1531265.157147] /local/domain/7/device/vif/0: Closed [1534417.547412] EXT4-fs (dm-4): VFS: Can't find ext4 filesystem [root@ ~]# fdisk -l /dev/VG_XenStorage-2be5fe38-c04b-3277-4ce0-438139457a4a/vmbackup Disk /dev/VG_XenStorage-2be5fe38-c04b-3277-4ce0-438139457a4a/vmbackup: 10.7 GB, 10766778368 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1308 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk /dev/VG_XenStorage-2be5fe38-c04b-3277-4ce0-438139457a4a/vmbackup doesn't contain a valid partition table [root@ ~]# fdisk -l /dev/mapper/VG_XenStorage--2be5fe38--c04b--3277--4ce0--438139457a4a-vmbackup-cow Disk /dev/mapper/VG_XenStorage--2be5fe38--c04b--3277--4ce0--438139457a4a-vmbackup-cow: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/VG_XenStorage--2be5fe38--c04b--3277--4ce0--438139457a4a-vmbackup-cow doesn't contain a valid partition table [root@ ~]# lsmod | grep ext4 ext4 312546 0 jbd2 75354 1 ext4

以下是我遵循的步骤的总结：

lvcreate -L1G -s -n vmbackup / dev / VG_XenStorage-2be5fe38-c04b-3277-4ce0-438139457a4a / VHD-8c8064d2-0101-46d4-b1e5-607ad4a92621

kpartx -a -v / dev / VG_XenStorage-2be5fe38-c04b-3277-4ce0-438139457a4a / vmbackup

mount / dev / VG_XenStorage-2be5fe38-c04b-3277-4ce0-438139457a4a / vmbackup / mnt mount：必须指定文件系统types

最后，我根据以下命令创build了一个脚本：

xe vm-list is-control-domain = false is-a-snapshot = false
xe虚拟机的快照在列表中
xe template-param-set is-a-template = false ha-always-run = false uuid = …
xe vm-export vm = snap_uuid filename = | ssh … REMOTE_HOST“cat> /path/backup.xva”
xe vm -uninstall uuid = snap_uuid force = true

感谢您的build议。