我一直在使用postfix，dovecot和mysql来configuration我的邮件服务器。 我有一个虚拟域和几个虚拟邮箱。 使用松鼠邮件，我已经能够login到我的帐户，并发送电子邮件（例如，我可以发送到谷歌邮件就好了），但是我无法收到任何电子邮件 – 不是从外部世界，也不是在我自己的networking。
我可以telnet使用本地，我的私人IP和我的公共IP端口25没有任何问题（我已经尝试从服务器本身和从我的networking上的另一台计算机）。
当我从我的googlemail帐户发送邮件到我的邮件服务器时，
mail.log
Apr 14 07:36:06 server1 postfix / qmgr [1721]：BE01B520538：from =，> size = 733，nrcpt = 1（队列激活）
Apr 14 07:36:06 server1 postfix / pipe [3371]：78BC0520510：to =，relay = dovecot，delay = 45421，delayed = 45421/0/0 / 0.13，dsn = 4.3.0，status = deferred >失败。命令输出：无法打开日志文件/var/log/mail-dovecot.log：权限被拒绝）
Apr 14 07:36:06 server1 postfix / pipe [3391]：8261B520534：to =，relay = dovecot，delay = 38036，delay = 38036 / 0.06 / 0 / 0.12，dsn = 4.3.0，status = deferred>临时失败命令输出：无法打开日志文件/var/log/mail-dovecot.log：>权限被拒绝）
Apr 14 07:36:06 server1 postfix / pipe [63427520532] to =，relay = dovecot，delay = 38105，delay = 38105 / 0.02 / 0 / 0.17，dsn = 4.3.0，status = deferred>（临时失败命令输出：无法打开日志文件/var/log/mail-dovecot.log：>权限被拒绝）
Apr 14 07:36:06 server1 postfix / pipe [3375]：07F65520522：to =，relay = dovecot，delay = 39467，delay = 39467 / 0.01 / 0 / 0.17，dsn = 4.3.0，status = deferred>临时失败命令输出：无法打开日志文件/var/log/mail-dovecot.log：>权限被拒绝）
Apr 14 07:36:06 server1 postfix / pipe [3381]：EEDE9520527：to =，relay = dovecot，delay = 38361，delay = 38360 / 0.04 / 0 / 0.15，dsn = 4.3.0，status = deferred>临时失败命令输出：无法打开日志文件/var/log/mail-dovecot.log：>权限被拒绝）
Apr 14 07:36:06 server1 postfix / pipe [3379]：67DFF520517：to =，relay = dovecot，delay = 40475，delay = 40475 / 0.03 / 0 / 0.16，dsn = 4.3.0，status = deferred>临时失败命令输出：无法打开日志文件/var/log/mail-dovecot.log：>权限被拒绝）
Apr 14 07:36:06 server1 postfix / pipe [3C]：3C7A052052E：to => relay = dovecot，delay = 38259，delay = 38259 / 0.05 / 0 / 0.13，dsn = 4.3.0，status = deferred>临时失败命令输出：无法打开日志文件/var/log/mail-dovecot.log：>权限被拒绝）
Apr 14 07:36:06 server1 postfix / pipe [3394]：BE01B520538：to =，relay = dovecot，delay = 37682，delayed = 37682 / 0.07 / 0 / 0.11，dsn = 4.3.0，status = deferred>临时失败命令输出：无法打开日志文件/var/log/mail-dovecot.log：>权限被拒绝）
Apr 14 07:36:07 server1 postfix / pipe [0384]：3C7A052052E：to =，relay = dovecot，delay = 38261，delay = 38259 / 0.04 / 0 / 1.3，dsn = 4.3.0，status = deferred>临时失败命令输出：无法打开日志文件/var/log/mail-dovecot.log：>权限被拒绝）
Apr 14 07:39:23 server1 postfix / anvil [3368]：统计：最大连接速率1/60秒（smtp：209.85.213.169）at Apr 14 07:35:32
Apr 14 07:39:23 server1 postfix / anvil [3368]：statistics：max connection count 1 for（smtp：209.85.213.169）at Apr 14 07:35:32
Apr 14 07:39:23 server1 postfix / anvil [3368]：统计：最大caching大小1 Apr 14 07:35:32
Apr 14 07:41:06 server1 postfix / qmgr [1721]：ED6005203B7：from =，size = 1463，nrcpt = 1（队列激活）
Apr 14 07:41:06 server1 postfix / pipe [4594]：ED6005203B7：to =，relay = dovecot，delay = 334，delays = 334 / 0.01 / 0 / 0.13，dsn = 4.3.0，status = deferred 。命令输出：无法打开日志文件/var/log/mail-dovecot.log：权限被拒绝）
Apr 14 07:51:06 server1 postfix / qmgr [1721]：ED6005203B7：from =，size = 1463，nrcpt = 1（队列激活）
Apr15 07:51:06 server1 postfix / pipe [4604]：ED6005203B7：to =，relay = dovecot，delay = 933，delay = 933 / 0.02 / 0 / 0.12，dsn = 4.3.0，status = deferred 。命令输出：无法打开日志文件/var/log/mail-dovecot.log：权限被拒绝）
mail-dovecot-log（我为debugging设置的日志）：
Apr 14 07:28:26 auth：Info：mysql（127.0.0.1）：连接到数据库postfixadmin
4月14日07:28:26 auth：debugging：sql（some.user1 @ mydomain.com，127.0.0.1）：查询：select>密码从邮箱WHERE用户名='[email protected]'
Apr 14 07:28:26 auth：Debug：client out：OK 1 user = [email protected]
Apr 14 07:28:26 auth：Debug：master in：REQUEST 1809973249 3356 1 7cfb822db820fc5da67d0776b107cb3f
Apr 14 07:28:26 auth：Debug：sql（some.user1 @ mydomain.com，127.0.0.1）：SELECT'/home/vmail/mydomain.com/some.user1'as home，5000 AS uid，5000 AS gid FROM邮箱WHERE用户名='[email protected]'
Apr 14 07:28:26 auth：Debug：master out：USER 1809973249 [email protected] home = / home / vmail / mydomain.com / some.user1 uid = 5000 gid = 5000
Apr 14 07:28:26 imap-login：Info：Login：user =，method = PLAIN，> rip = 127.0.0.1，lip = 127.0.0.1，mpid = 3360，secured
4月14日07:28:26 imap（[email protected]）：debugging：有效的uid = 5000，gid = 5000，home = / home / vmail / mydomain.com / some.user1
4月14日07:28:26 imap（[email protected]）：debugging：maildir ++：root = / home / vmail / mydomain.com / some.user1 / Maildir，index = / home / vmail / mydomain.com / some.user1 / Maildir / indexes，control =，inbox = / home / vmail / mydomain.com / some.user1 / Maildir
Apr 14 07:48:31 imap（[email protected]）：信息：断开连接：退出字节= 85/681
从上面的输出我很确定，我的问题都来自（临时失败。命令输出：无法打开日志文件/var/log/mail-dovecot.log：>权限被拒绝），但我不知道为什么我得到这个错误。 我已经拥有对其他邮件日志的权限：
root@server1:~# ls -l /var/log/mail* -rw-r----- 1 syslog adm 196653 2012-04-14 07:58 /var/log/mail-dovecot.log -rw-r----- 1 syslog adm 62778 2012-04-13 21:04 /var/log/mail.err -rw-r----- 1 syslog adm 497767 2012-04-14 08:01 /var/log/mail.log 有谁知道我可能做错了什么？
这里是我的main.cf和master.cf文件：main.cf：
# See /usr/share/postfix/main.cf.dist for a commented, more complete version # Debian specific: Specifying a file name will cause the first # line of that file to be used as the name. The Debian default # is /etc/mailname. #myorigin = /etc/mailname smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Ubuntu) biff = no # appending .domain is the MUA's job. append_dot_mydomain = no # Uncomment the next line to generate "delayed mail" warnings #delay_warning_time = 4h readme_directory = no # TLS parameters smtpd_tls_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem smtpd_tls_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key smtpd_use_tls=yes smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache # See /usr/share/doc/postfix/TLS_README.gz in the postfix-doc package for # information on enabling SSL in the smtp client. myhostname = server1.mydomain.com alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases myorigin = /etc/mailname mydestination = relayhost = mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 mailbox_command = procmail -a "$EXTENSION" mailbox_size_limit = 0 recipient_delimiter = + inet_interfaces = all # Virtual Configs virtual_uid_maps = static:5000 virtual_gid_maps = static:5000 virtual_mailbox_base = /home/vmail virtual_mailbox_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_mailbox_domains.cf virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_mailbox_maps.cf virtual_alias_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_alias_maps.cf relay_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_relay_domains.cf smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_non_fqdn_hostname, reject_non_fqdn_sender, reject_non_fqdn_recipient, reject_unauth_destination, reject_unauth_pipelining, reject_invalid_hostname smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous virtual_transport=dovecot dovecot_destination_recipient_limit = 1
master.cf：
# # Postfix master process configuration file. For details on the format # of the file, see the master(5) manual page (command: "man 5 master"). # # Do not forget to execute "postfix reload" after editing this file. # # ========================================================================== # service type private unpriv chroot wakeup maxproc command + args # (yes) (yes) (yes) (never) (100) # ========================================================================== smtp inet n - - - - smtpd #smtp inet n - - - 1 postscreen #smtpd pass - - - - - smtpd #dnsblog unix - - - - 0 dnsblog #tlsproxy unix - - - - 0 tlsproxy #submission inet n - - - - smtpd # -o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt # -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes # -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject # -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING #smtps inet n - - - - smtpd # -o smtpd_tls_wrappermode=yes # -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes # -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject # -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING #628 inet n - - - - qmqpd pickup fifo n - - 60 1 pickup cleanup unix n - - - 0 cleanup qmgr fifo n - n 300 1 qmgr #qmgr fifo n - - 300 1 oqmgr tlsmgr unix - - - 1000? 1 tlsmgr rewrite unix - - - - - trivial-rewrite bounce unix - - - - 0 bounce defer unix - - - - 0 bounce trace unix - - - - 0 bounce verify unix - - - - 1 verify flush unix n - - 1000? 0 flush proxymap unix - - n - - proxymap proxywrite unix - - n - 1 proxymap smtp unix - - - - - smtp # When relaying mail as backup MX, disable fallback_relay to avoid MX loops relay unix - - - - - smtp -o smtp_fallback_relay= # -o smtp_helo_timeout=5 -o smtp_connect_timeout=5 showq unix n - - - - showq error unix - - - - - error retry unix - - - - - error discard unix - - - - - discard local unix - nn - - local virtual unix - nn - - virtual lmtp unix - - - - - lmtp anvil unix - - - - 1 anvil scache unix - - - - 1 scache # # ==================================================================== # Interfaces to non-Postfix software. Be sure to examine the manual # pages of the non-Postfix software to find out what options it wants. # # Many of the following services use the Postfix pipe(8) delivery # agent. See the pipe(8) man page for information about ${recipient} # and other message envelope options. # ==================================================================== # # maildrop. See the Postfix MAILDROP_README file for details. # Also specify in main.cf: maildrop_destination_recipient_limit=1 # maildrop unix - nn - - pipe flags=DRhu user=vmail argv=/usr/bin/maildrop -d ${recipient} # # ==================================================================== # # Recent Cyrus versions can use the existing "lmtp" master.cf entry. # # Specify in cyrus.conf: # lmtp cmd="lmtpd -a" listen="localhost:lmtp" proto=tcp4 # # Specify in main.cf one or more of the following: # mailbox_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost # virtual_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost # # ==================================================================== # # Cyrus 2.1.5 (Amos Gouaux) # Also specify in main.cf: cyrus_destination_recipient_limit=1 # #cyrus unix - nn - - pipe # user=cyrus argv=/cyrus/bin/deliver -e -r ${sender} -m ${extension} ${user} # # ==================================================================== # Old example of delivery via Cyrus. # #old-cyrus unix - nn - - pipe # flags=R user=cyrus argv=/cyrus/bin/deliver -e -m ${extension} ${user} # # ==================================================================== # # See the Postfix UUCP_README file for configuration details. # uucp unix - nn - - pipe flags=Fqhu user=uucp argv=uux -r -n -z -a$sender - $nexthop!rmail ($recipient) # # Other external delivery methods. # ifmail unix - nn - - pipe flags=F user=ftn argv=/usr/lib/ifmail/ifmail -r $nexthop ($recipient) bsmtp unix - nn - - pipe flags=Fq. user=bsmtp argv=/usr/lib/bsmtp/bsmtp -t$nexthop -f$sender $recipient scalemail-backend unix - nn - 2 pipe flags=R user=scalemail argv=/usr/lib/scalemail/bin/scalemail-store ${nexthop} ${user} ${extension} mailman unix - nn - - pipe flags=FR user=list argv=/usr/lib/mailman/bin/postfix-to-mailman.py ${nexthop} ${user} dovecot unix - nn - - pipe flags=DRhu user=vmail:vmail argv=/usr/lib/dovecot/deliver -d ${recipient}
Postfix将运行/usr/lib/dovecot/deliver来传递邮件，看起来deliver失败，因为它不能写入/var/log/mail-dovecot.log 。 我不知道它运行的是什么用户，但是我猜想是postfix ，所以请尝试使mail-dovecot.log用户mail-dovecot.log写mail-dovecot.log 。