后缀无法发送邮件与“致命：未知服务：smtp / tcp”

我已经安装了后缀，当我试图发送邮件到Gmail它告诉我，它已经发送，但是当我在Gmail中检查我的收件箱，我没有看到它。

这就是连接的样子：

$ telnet localhost 25 Trying ::1... Connected to localhost. Escape character is '^]'. 220 DarkSenic ESMTP Postfix (Debian/GNU) HELO localhost.localdomain 250 DarkSenic MAIL FROM:<[email protected]> 250 2.1.0 Ok RCPT TO:<[email protected]> 250 2.1.5 Ok DATA 354 End data with <CR><LF>.<CR><LF> Subject: Test test . 250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as E15692031E9 QUIT 221 2.0.0 Bye Connection closed by foreign host. 

这是我的main.cf文件：

 # See /usr/share/postfix/main.cf.dist for a commented, more complete version # Debian specific: Specifying a file name will cause the first # line of that file to be used as the name. The Debian default # is /etc/mailname. #myorigin = /etc/mailname smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Debian/GNU) biff = no # appending .domain is the MUA's job. append_dot_mydomain = no # Uncomment the next line to generate "delayed mail" warnings #delay_warning_time = 4h readme_directory = no # TLS parameters smtpd_tls_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem smtpd_tls_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key smtpd_use_tls=yes smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache # See /usr/share/doc/postfix/TLS_README.gz in the postfix-doc package for # information on enabling SSL in the smtp client. myhostname = DarkSenic alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases myorigin = /etc/mailname mydestination = localhost.localdomain, DarkSenic, localhost.localdomain, localhost relayhost = mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 [2001:db8:1407:c3a0::]/60 128.66.85.168 10.0.0.0/24 mailbox_command = procmail -a "$EXTENSION" mailbox_size_limit = 0 recipient_delimiter = + inet_interfaces = all 

这是我在日志文件中得到的：

• Gmail和其他私人服务器将合法邮件标记为垃圾邮件
• PTR好，SPF，DKIM通过，但电子邮件被标记为垃圾邮件？
• 是否有可能改变后缀的消息ID？
• 后缀跳过垃圾邮件检查授权的SMTP
• Spamassassin：在mysql中存储每个用户的bayes（与amavis）

 Dec 28 18:48:23 DarkSenic postfix/smtpd[4623]: connect from unknown[::1] Dec 28 18:49:18 DarkSenic postfix/smtpd[4623]: B2C422031EA: client=unknown[::1] Dec 28 18:49:28 DarkSenic postfix/cleanup[5564]: B2C422031EA: message-id=<20141228164918.B2C422031EA@DarkSenic> Dec 28 18:49:28 DarkSenic postfix/qmgr[16196]: B2C422031EA: from=<[email protected]>, size=322, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Dec 28 18:49:28 DarkSenic postfix/smtp[5565]: fatal: unknown service: smtp/tcp Dec 28 18:49:29 DarkSenic postfix/qmgr[16196]: warning: private/smtp socket: malformed response Dec 28 18:49:29 DarkSenic postfix/qmgr[16196]: warning: transport smtp failure -- see a previous warning/fatal/panic logfile record for the problem description Dec 28 18:49:29 DarkSenic postfix/master[29689]: warning: process /usr/lib/postfix/smtp pid 5565 exit status 1 Dec 28 18:49:29 DarkSenic postfix/master[29689]: warning: /usr/lib/postfix/smtp: bad command startup -- throttling Dec 28 18:49:29 DarkSenic postfix/error[5566]: B2C422031EA: to=<[email protected]>, relay=none, delay=41, delays=40/1/0/0.05, dsn=4.3.0, status=deferred (unknown mail transport error) Dec 28 18:49:30 DarkSenic postfix/smtpd[4623]: disconnect from unknown[::1] 

grep smtp / etc / services给我：

 smtp 25/tcp mail ssmtp 465/tcp smtps # SMTP over SSL 

这是我在我的master.cf文件中：

 # # Postfix master process configuration file. For details on the format # of the file, see the master(5) manual page (command: "man 5 master"). # # Do not forget to execute "postfix reload" after editing this file. # # ========================================================================== # service type private unpriv chroot wakeup maxproc command + args # (yes) (yes) (yes) (never) (100) # ========================================================================== smtp inet n - - - - smtpd #smtp inet n - - - 1 postscreen #smtpd pass - - - - - smtpd #dnsblog unix - - - - 0 dnsblog #tlsproxy unix - - - - 0 tlsproxy #submission inet n - - - - smtpd # -o syslog_name=postfix/submission # -o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt # -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes # -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject # -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING #smtps inet n - - - - smtpd # -o syslog_name=postfix/smtps # -o smtpd_tls_wrappermode=yes # -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes # -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject # -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING #628 inet n - - - - qmqpd pickup fifo n - - 60 1 pickup cleanup unix n - - - 0 cleanup qmgr fifo n - n 300 1 qmgr #qmgr fifo n - n 300 1 oqmgr tlsmgr unix - - - 1000? 1 tlsmgr rewrite unix - - - - - trivial-rewrite bounce unix - - - - 0 bounce defer unix - - - - 0 bounce trace unix - - - - 0 bounce verify unix - - - - 1 verify flush unix n - - 1000? 0 flush proxymap unix - - n - - proxymap proxywrite unix - - n - 1 proxymap smtp unix - - - - - smtp relay unix - - - - - smtp # -o smtp_helo_timeout=5 -o smtp_connect_timeout=5 showq unix n - - - - showq error unix - - - - - error retry unix - - - - - error discard unix - - - - - discard local unix - nn - - local virtual unix - nn - - virtual lmtp unix - - - - - lmtp anvil unix - - - - 1 anvil scache unix - - - - 1 scache # # ==================================================================== # Interfaces to non-Postfix software. Be sure to examine the manual # pages of the non-Postfix software to find out what options it wants. # # Many of the following services use the Postfix pipe(8) delivery # agent. See the pipe(8) man page for information about ${recipient} # and other message envelope options. # ==================================================================== # # maildrop. See the Postfix MAILDROP_README file for details. # Also specify in main.cf: maildrop_destination_recipient_limit=1 # maildrop unix - nn - - pipe flags=DRhu user=vmail argv=/usr/bin/maildrop -d ${recipient} # # ==================================================================== # # Recent Cyrus versions can use the existing "lmtp" master.cf entry. # # Specify in cyrus.conf: # lmtp cmd="lmtpd -a" listen="localhost:lmtp" proto=tcp4 # # Specify in main.cf one or more of the following: # mailbox_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost # virtual_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost # # ==================================================================== # # Cyrus 2.1.5 (Amos Gouaux) # Also specify in main.cf: cyrus_destination_recipient_limit=1 # #cyrus unix - nn - - pipe # user=cyrus argv=/cyrus/bin/deliver -e -r ${sender} -m ${extension} ${user} # # ==================================================================== # Old example of delivery via Cyrus. # #old-cyrus unix - nn - - pipe # flags=R user=cyrus argv=/cyrus/bin/deliver -e -m ${extension} ${user} # # ==================================================================== # # See the Postfix UUCP_README file for configuration details. # uucp unix - nn - - pipe flags=Fqhu user=uucp argv=uux -r -n -z -a$sender - $nexthop!rmail ($recipient) # # Other external delivery methods. # ifmail unix - nn - - pipe flags=F user=ftn argv=/usr/lib/ifmail/ifmail -r $nexthop ($recipient) bsmtp unix - nn - - pipe flags=Fq. user=bsmtp argv=/usr/lib/bsmtp/bsmtp -t$nexthop -f$sender $recipient scalemail-backend unix - nn - 2 pipe flags=R user=scalemail argv=/usr/lib/scalemail/bin/scalemail-store ${nexthop} ${user} ${extension} mailman unix - nn - - pipe flags=FR user=list argv=/usr/lib/mailman/bin/postfix-to-mailman.py ${nexthop} ${user} 

为什么不起作用？ 我该如何解决？ 我在互联网上find了一些答案，但他们没有为我工作…

谢谢你的阅读，祝你有美好的一天:)

 sudo ln -snf /etc/services /var/spool/postfix/etc/services 

 sudo cp -f /etc/services /var/spool/postfix/etc/services