1TB希捷梭鱼ST31000528AS – 意想不到的“离线无法纠正的行业”

我在18个月前购买了1TB希捷Barracuda 7200.12-ST31000528AS驱动器，因为它具有5年保修期，并且在Ubuntu服务器下与Samsung Spinpoint一起使用，作为软件RAID-1arrays的一半。

昨天，smartd开始报告一个问题：

Jan 18 06:08:03 svr smartd[2672]: Device: /dev/sdb [SAT], 2 Currently unreadable (pending) sectors Jan 18 06:08:03 svr smartd[2672]: Device: /dev/sdb [SAT], 2 Offline uncorrectable sectors 

我通过smartctl进行了调查，并在调度一些testing之后得到了以下结果：

 $ smartctl -l error /dev/sdb smartctl 5.41 2011-06-09 r3365 [x86_64-linux-3.0.0-14-generic] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-11 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART Error Log Version: 1 No Errors Logged $ smartctl -l selftest /dev/sdb smartctl 5.41 2011-06-09 r3365 [x86_64-linux-3.0.0-14-generic] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-11 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1 Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error # 1 Extended offline Completed: read failure 10% 12451 1953523918 # 2 Short offline Completed: read failure 90% 12445 1953523918 # 3 Short offline Completed: read failure 60% 12445 1953523918 # 4 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 5532 - $ 

只有“自我testing”的输出logging了任何types的问题 – 尽pipe我不是100％清楚如何解释它。 我怀疑我可能同时安排了两个短期testing…虽然我不确定为什么有90％的剩余，另外60％。 来吧，我不明白为什么我的长期testing还剩10％。

• 硬盘驱动器正在起作用，但SMART说一切都很好
• 我的硬盘即将死亡吗？
• HDD SMART数据的可靠性如何？
• SMART的专属testing的目的是什么？
• 这个SMART selftest是否表示一个失败的驱动器？

另一个好奇的是Raid-1没有发现任何问题（或者至less这是我所理解的“2/2”[UU]“），而sdb上有三个分区，只有一个不是其他两个，一个是启动分区（在两个驱动器之间复制用于灾难恢复），另一个是交换。

 $ cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md0 : active raid1 sdb3[1] sda3[0] 967843840 blocks [2/2] [UU] unused devices: <none> 

几个问题…

• 我认为这是sdb有缺陷的有力证据吗？ 这可能是软件而不是硬件问题吗？
• 我可以得到所有检测到有问题的块的列表，并确定它们在哪个分区吗？
• 我是否可以（需要）在收购替代驱动器之前将这些坏扇区映射出来？
• 1TB希捷Barracuda硬盘有很多人遇到这种问题吗？
• 有谁知道上述smartmontools的输出是否有足够的证据certificate故障来保证在保修期内更换？

任何build议/意见热烈赞赏… 🙂

按要求… smartctl –all / dev / sdb

 smartctl 5.41 2011-06-09 r3365 [x86_64-linux-3.0.0-14-generic] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-11 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net === START OF INFORMATION SECTION === Model Family: Seagate Barracuda 7200.12 Device Model: ST31000528AS Serial Number: 9VP5LFZA LU WWN Device Id: 5 000c50 0200362a0 Firmware Version: CC38 User Capacity: 1,000,204,886,016 bytes [1.00 TB] Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show] ATA Version is: 8 ATA Standard is: ATA-8-ACS revision 4 Local Time is: Thu Jan 19 18:54:01 2012 GMT SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability. SMART support is: Enabled === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED General SMART Values: Offline data collection status: (0x82) Offline data collection activity was completed without error. Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled. Self-test execution status: ( 113) The previous self-test completed having the read element of the test failed. Total time to complete Offline data collection: ( 609) seconds. Offline data collection capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate. Auto Offline data collection on/off support. Suspend Offline collection upon new command. Offline surface scan supported. Self-test supported. Conveyance Self-test supported. Selective Self-test supported. SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering power-saving mode. Supports SMART auto save timer. Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported. General Purpose Logging supported. Short self-test routine recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes. Extended self-test routine recommended polling time: ( 178) minutes. Conveyance self-test routine recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes. SCT capabilities: (0x103f) SCT Status supported. SCT Error Recovery Control supported. SCT Feature Control supported. SCT Data Table supported. SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10 Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds: ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE 1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000f 118 099 006 Pre-fail Always - 198953639 3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0003 095 095 000 Pre-fail Always - 0 4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 32 5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 036 Pre-fail Always - 0 7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000f 076 060 030 Pre-fail Always - 45828174 9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 086 086 000 Old_age Always - 12498 10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 097 Pre-fail Always - 0 12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 16 183 Runtime_Bad_Block 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 184 End-to-End_Error 0x0032 100 100 099 Old_age Always - 0 187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 188 Command_Timeout 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 189 High_Fly_Writes 0x003a 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 064 056 045 Old_age Always - 36 (Min/Max 25/44) 194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 036 044 000 Old_age Always - 36 (0 20 0 0) 195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x001a 025 011 000 Old_age Always - 198953639 197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 2 198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 2 199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0 240 Head_Flying_Hours 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 253776732631285 241 Total_LBAs_Written 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 2894995523 242 Total_LBAs_Read 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 2366564210 SMART Error Log Version: 1 No Errors Logged SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1 Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error # 1 Extended offline Completed: read failure 10% 12451 1953523918 # 2 Short offline Completed: read failure 90% 12445 1953523918 # 3 Short offline Completed: read failure 60% 12445 1953523918 # 4 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 5532 - SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1 SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS 1 0 0 Not_testing 2 0 0 Not_testing 3 0 0 Not_testing 4 0 0 Not_testing 5 0 0 Not_testing Selective self-test flags (0x0): After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk. If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay. 

 An offline uncorrectable sector is a disk sector which was not readable during an off-line scan or a self-test. This is important to know, because if you have data stored in this disk sector, and you need to read it, the read will fail. Please see the previous '-C' option for more details. 

 A pending sector is a disk sector (containing 512 bytes of your data) which the device would like to mark as ``bad" and reallocate. Typically this is because your computer tried to read that sector, and the read failed because the data on it has been corrupted and has inconsistent Error Checking and Correction (ECC) codes. This is important to know, because it means that there is some unreadable data on the disk. The problem of figuring out what file this data belongs to is operating system and file system specific. You can typically force the sector to reallocate by writing to it (translation: make the device substitute a spare good sector for the bad one) but at the price of losing the 512 bytes of data stored there.